1,002 research outputs found
Role of quantum nuclei and local fields in the x-ray absorption spectra of water and ice
We calculate the x-ray absorption spectra of liquid water at ambient
conditions and of hexagonal ice close to melting, using a static GW approach
that includes approximately local field effects. Quantum dynamics of the nuclei
is taken into account by averaging the absorption cross section over molecular
configurations generated by path integral simulations. We find that inclusion
of quantum disorder is essential to bring the calculated spectra in close
agreement with experiment. In particular, the intensity of the pre-edge
feature, a spectral signature of broken and distorted hydrogen bonds, is
accurately reproduced, in water and ice, only when quantum nuclei are
considered. The effect of the local fields is less important but non
negligible, particularly in ice
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS: ISSUES AND PERSPECTIVES
Information Systems Working Papers Serie
Estudo comparativo de dois métodos de arraste principal do desbaste de Pinus taeda L.
Desempenho e custos na operação de arraste principal de dois tratores agrÃcolas com implementos diferentes foram submetidos a uma análise crÃtica, em uma plantação de Pinus taeda, com nove anos de idade e desbastada de forma sistemática e seletiva. A pesquisa foi instalada na Fazenda Monte Alegre, municÃpio de Telêmaco Borba, PR. Foram testados tratores do tipo MF 265 e os seguintes implementos de arraste: a) barra com fendas para engatar correntes, de segurar feixes de fustes, e b) pinça hidráulica traseira e lâmina hidráulica na frente. Sob as mesmas condições de distância e volume arrastado, os rendimentos foram similares, porém apresentaram grandes diferenças, quando baseados em volumes médios da carga. O trator com barra e correntes apresentou um volume médio de 0,8 m3 por ciclo e, numa distância média de 200 m, um rendimento de 6,85 m3/h, a um custo de Cr 82,10/m3. Sob as condições testadas, convém utilizar o trator com barra quando houver disponibilidade de mão-de-obra, pois arrasta maior volume de madeira por unidade de tempo a um custo mais baixo e com um grau de mecanização menor, portanto menos susceptÃvel a falhas mecânicas. A exigência de maior tempo de oficina, com consertos e manutenção, em função da necessidade do equipamento, reduz a produção média anual em 35%, aproximadamente, no caso do trator com pinça. Detectaram-se, em ambos os métodos, grandes possibilidades de racionalização e, por conseguinte, de redução dos custos de arraste entre 24 e 27%
A Workflow-centric Study of Organizational Knowledge Distribution
Organizations require mechanisms to efficiently
distribute knowledge such as news releases, seminar
announcements, and memos. While the machinery for
information storage, manipulation. and retrieval exists,
research dealing directly with knowledge distribution in
an organizational context is scarce. In this paper, we
address this need by first examining the pros and cons of
the conventional "mailing lists" approach and then
proposing new workflow mechanisms that improve the
efficiency and effectiveness of knowledge distribution.
The main contributions of this study include: (I) a
workflow perspective on organizational knowledge
distribution. (2) workflow analysis of two new knowledge
distribution methods based on dynamic mailing lists and
profile matching, respectively, and (3) a new way of
matching knowledge supply and demand that extends
existing information filtering algorithms.Information Systems Working Papers Serie
X-Ray Detection of Transient Magnetic Moments Induced by a Spin Current in Cu
We have used a MHz lock-in x-ray spectro-microscopy technique to directly
detect changes of magnetic moments in Cu due to spin injection from an adjacent
Co layer. The elemental and chemical specificity of x-rays allows us to
distinguish two spin current induced effects. We detect the creation of
transient magnetic moments of on Cu atoms
within the bulk of the 28 nm thick Cu film due to spin-accumulation. The moment
value is compared to predictions by Mott's two current model. We also observe
that the hybridization induced existing magnetic moments on Cu interface atoms
are transiently increased by about 10% or .
This reveals the dominance of spin-torque alignment over Joule heat induced
disorder of the interfacial Cu moments during current flow
SIGPAM Workshop on Process Automation and Management
The trend towards e-business is increasing the complexity of intra-organizational and inter-organizational processes. To accommodate these needs, organizations must integrate their services in real time to attract and maintain customers. In the last few years, process automation and management have become a central theme in many businesses. Research areas addressing problems in this domain include: electronic commerce, business process reengineering, enterprise application integration, knowledge process management, groupware, workflow automation, electronic markets, and computer supported collaborative work. These areas have unique research approaches, but have a common interest in advancing process automation to support intra-organizational and inter-organizational work in the Internet era. Consequently, there is a great need to bring together researchers with diverse backgrounds to discuss process-related topics. The objective of this workshop is to provide a forum for researchers and practitioners interested in process automation and management to meet and exchange research ideas and results. The workshop promotes a range of research issues, though not limited to: · Business process facilitation in distributed environments · Change management in highly automated business processes · Integration of business processes in both intra- and inter-enterprises · Methodologies and tools of process automation and management · Managing business processes on the Web · Process aware system security · Process centric model driven architectures · Process flexibility, interoperability, and scalability · Process-driven knowledge delivery · Theories of conceptual, logical, and physical process modeling · Wireless process management systems · Workflow automation and management for virtual enterprises · Workflow-centric component-based software engineerin
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